The South’s Napoleon vs. Uncle Sam’s General: A Military Analysis of Robert E. Lee vs. Ulysses S. Grant: Notes and Bibliography

Notes

^1.Dederer, “The Origins of Robert E. Lee’s Bold Generalship,” 117.

^2.Rafuse, “Still a Mystery?,” 851.

^[3] Chernow, Grant, xxi.

^[4] Keller, Robert E. Lee as a Military Theorist, 44.

^[5] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 8–9.

^[6] Lynch, A Comparison of the Operational Leadership of General Ulysses S. Grant and General Robert E. Lee During the American Civil War., 2.

^[7] Ballard, “Battle of Antietam,” 81–88.

^[8] Ballard, “Battle of Antietam,” 79–80.

^[9] Chernow, Grant, 118–23.

^[10] Lynch, A Comparison of the Operational Leadership of General Ulysses S. Grant and General Robert E. Lee During the American Civil War., 2.

^[11] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 2–4.

^[12] Dederer, “The Origins of Robert E. Lee’s Bold Generalship,” 120.

^[13] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 4.

^[14] Glaze, “Saint and Sinner,” 168–69.

^[15] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 4.

^[16] Glaze, “Saint and Sinner,” 169.

^[17] Dederer, “The Origins of Robert E. Lee’s Bold Generalship,” 118–19.

^[18] Thomas, Robert E. Lee, 140.

^[19] Dederer, “The Origins of Robert E. Lee’s Bold Generalship,” 118.

^[20] Luvaas, A Prussian Observer with Lee, 108.

^[21] Dederer, “The Origins of Robert E. Lee’s Bold Generalship,” 118.

^[22] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 5.

^[23] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 6.

^[24] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 5.

^[25] Chernow, Grant, 123–24

^[26] Glaze, “Saint and Sinner,” 170.

^[27] Chernow, Grant, 121–22.

^[28] Chernow, Grant, 123.

^[29] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 7.

^[30] Dowdey and Manarin, The Wartime Papers Of Robert E. Lee, 9–10.

^[31] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 10–11.

^[32] Lynch, A Comparison of the Operational Leadership of General Ulysses S. Grant and General Robert E. Lee During the American Civil War., 6–7.

^[33] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 9–10.

^[34] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 10–11.

^[35] Lynch, A Comparison of the Operational Leadership of General Ulysses S. Grant and General Robert E. Lee During the American Civil War., 6–7.

^[36] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 11.

^[37] Ballard, “Second Bull Run Staff Ride,” 2.

^[38] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 11.

^[39] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 12.

^[40] Johnston, Narrative of Military Operations, 111–13.

^[41] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 13.

^[42] Harsh, Confederate Tide Rising, 64–65.

^[43] Dowdey and Manarin, The Wartime Papers Of Robert E. Lee, 163.

^[44] Ballard, “Second Bull Run Staff Ride,” 1.

^[45] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 15.

^[46] Dowdey and Manarin, The Wartime Papers Of Robert E. Lee, 184.

^[47] Dowdey and Manarin, The Wartime Papers Of Robert E. Lee, 184.

^[48] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 17.

^[49] Glaze, “Saint and Sinner,” 172.

^[50] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 17.

^[51] Dowdey and Manarin, The Wartime Papers Of Robert E. Lee, 221.

^[52] Ballard, “Second Bull Run Staff Ride,” 1–2.

^[53] Ballard, “Second Bull Run Staff Ride,” 2–6.

^[54] Ballard, “Second Bull Run Staff Ride,” 6–8.

^[55] Ballard, “Second Bull Run Staff Ride,” 10–17.

^[56] Ballard, “Second Bull Run Staff Ride,” 18–29.

^[57] Lynch, A Comparison of the Operational Leadership of General Ulysses S. Grant and General Robert E. Lee During the American Civil War., 14–15.

^[58] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 2.

^[59] Ballard, “Battle of Antietam,” 3–4.

^[60] Ballard, “Battle of Antietam,” 3–7.

^[61] Ballard, “Battle of Antietam,” 8–10.

^[62] Ballard, “Battle of Antietam,” 11–12.

^[63] McClellan, McClellan’s Own Story, 583.

^[64] Ballard, “Battle of Antietam,” 12–13.

^[65] Dowdey and Manarin, The Wartime Papers Of Robert E. Lee, 318.

^[66] KNOTT, “LEE AT ANTIETAM.,” 36–37.

^[67] KNOTT, “LEE AT ANTIETAM.,” 37–38.

^[68] Ballard, “Battle of Antietam,” 17–18.

^[69] McClellan, McClellan’s Own Story, 590.

^[70] Ballard, “Battle of Antietam,” 19–30.

^[71] Ballard, “Battle of Antietam,” 30–38.

^[72] Ballard, “Battle of Antietam,” 38–44.

^[73] Ballard, “Battle of Antietam,” 45.

^[74] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 21–22.

^[75] Society, Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 4, 153.

^[76] Dowdey and Manarin, The Wartime Papers Of Robert E. Lee, 460–62.

^[77] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 26–28.

^[78] Evans, Confederate Military History, 3:392.

^[79] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 34–38.

^[80] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 42–60.

^[81] Eggleston, A Rebel’s Recollections, 145–46.

^[82] Dowdey and Manarin, The Wartime Papers Of Robert E. Lee, 526.

^[83] Brock, Southern Historical Society Papers, 1898, Vol. 26 (Classic Reprint), 121.

^[84] Fullenkamp, “Gettysburg: A Study in Command,” 7–8.

^[85] Gallagher, The First Day at Gettysburg, 44–45.

^[86] Fullenkamp, “Gettysburg: A Study in Command,” 8–9.

^[87] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 99–108.

^[88] Dowdey and Manarin, The Wartime Papers Of Robert E. Lee, 596–99.

^[89] Chernow, Grant, 3–8.

^[90] Chernow, Grant, 23–57.

^[91] Grant, Personal Memoirs of Ulysses S. Grant, 1:129.

^[92] Simon, “The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant, Volume 01: 1837-1861,” 1: xxxviii-xxxix.

^[93] Simon, “The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant, Volume 01: 1837-1861,” 1: xvi-xvii.

^[94] Chernow, Grant, 118–36.

^[95] Richardson, A Personal History of Ulysses S. Grant, 171.

^[96] Chernow, Grant, 142–46.

^[97] Simon, The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant, Volume 02: April-September 1861, 2: xxxi-xxxii.

^[98] Chernow, Grant, 148–52.

^[99] Catton, Grant Moves South, 52.

^[100] Foner, The Fiery Trial, 169.

^[101] Hassler and Simon, “The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant. Volume 3,” 3: xiv.

^[102] Chernow, Grant, 157–61.

^[103] Gudmens, “Staff Ride Handbook for the Battle of Shiloh, 6-7 April 1862,” 43–46.

^[104] Hassler et al., “The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant. Volume 4,” 4:113.

^[105] Chernow, Grant, 166–70.

^[106] Gudmens, “Staff Ride Handbook for the Battle of Shiloh, 6-7 April 1862,” 44.

^[107] Grant, Personal Memoirs of Ulysses S. Grant, 1:197.

^[108] Chernow, Grant, 178–88.

^[109] Hassler et al., “The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant. Volume 4,” 4:218.

^[110] Gudmens, “Staff Ride Handbook for the Battle of Shiloh, 6-7 April 1862,” 43–49.

^[111] McPherson, review of The Bloody Partnership.

^[112] Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 460.

^[113] Gudmens, “Staff Ride Handbook for the Battle of Shiloh, 6-7 April 1862,” 49–55.

^[114] Chernow, Grant, 197–207.

^[115] Grant, The Personal Memoirs Of Ulysses S. Grant, 1:238.

^[116] Foote, The Civil War, 1:372.

^[117] Hassler et al., “The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant. Volume 5,” 5: xiii-xiv.

^[118] Sherman, Memoirs, 276.

^[119] Hassler et al., “The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant. Volume 5,” xxiii–xxiv.

^[120] Chernow, Grant, 221–26.

^[121] Chernow, Grant, 227–32.

^[122] Simon, “The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant, Volume 06: September 1-December 8, 1862,” xiv.

^[123] Foote, The Civil War, 2:330.

^[124] Simon, The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant, Volume 07: December 9, 1862-March 31, 1863, xiii, xxi–xxii.

^[125] McPherson, Tried by War, 153–54.

^[126] Chernow, Grant, 245–54.

^[127] Winschel, Applicability in the Modern Age: Ulysses S. Grant’s Vicksburg Campaign, 42.

^[128] McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, 588.

^[129] Chernow, Grant, 255–59.

^[130] Winschel, Applicability in the Modern Age: Ulysses S. Grant’s Vicksburg Campaign, 43.

^[131] McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, 628.

^[132] Lynch, A Comparison of the Operational Leadership of General Ulysses S. Grant and General Robert E. Lee During the American Civil War., 15–16.

^[133] Simon, The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant, Volume 08: April 1-July 6, 1863, xiii–xiv.

^[134] Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 202.

^[135] Grant, The Personal Memoirs Of Ulysses S. Grant, 1:374.

^[136] Winschel, Applicability in the Modern Age: Ulysses S. Grant’s Vicksburg Campaign, 35–37.

^[137] Smith, Grant, 259.

^[138] Chernow, Grant, 293, 296–97.

^[139] Simon, The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant, Volume 09: July 7, December 31, 1863, xiii–xiv.

^[140] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 107–9.

^[141] Chernow, Grant, 305–8.

^[142] Benedict et al., “The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant. Volume 13,” 291.

^[143] Grant, The Personal Memoirs Of Ulysses S. Grant, 2:409.

^[144] Simon, The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant, Volume 09: July 7, December 31, 1863, xiv–xxiv.

^[145] Simon, The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant, Volume 09: July 7, December 31, 1863, xiv, xxiv.

^[146] Chernow, Grant, 235–344.

^[147] Grant, The Personal Memoirs Of Ulysses S. Grant, 2:274.

^[148] Grimsley, And Keep Moving On, xv.

^[149] Hogan Jr., The Overland Campaign, 4 May-15 June 1864, 8–12.

^[150] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 136–37.

^[151] Chernow, Grant, 355–56.

^[152] Waugh, U.S. Grant, 188.

^[153] Foote, The Civil War, 3;13.

^[154] Hogan Jr., The Overland Campaign, 4 May-15 June 1864, 9, 15–16.

^[155] Chernow, Grant, 374–79.

^[156] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 143–45.

^[157] Hogan Jr., The Overland Campaign, 4 May-15 June 1864, 23–26.

^[158] Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 298.

^[159] Chernow, Grant, 384.

^[160] Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy, 354.

^[161] Hogan Jr., The Overland Campaign, 4 May-15 June 1864, 27–28.

^[162] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 149–50.

^[163] Heth, The Memoirs of Henry Heth, 186–87.

^[164] Chernow, Grant, 387–88.

^[165] Simon, The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant, Volume 12: August 16-November 15, 1864, 10:422.

^[166] Hogan Jr., The Overland Campaign, 4 May-15 June 1864, 37–43.

^[167] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 156.

^[168] Catton, Grant Takes Command, 235–36.

^[169] Chernow, Grant, 394.

^[170] Chernow, Grant, 396–97.

^[171] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 157–66.

^[172] Rhea, To the North Anna River, 326.

^[173] Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 37.

^[174] Badeau, Military History of Ulysses S. Grant, 262.

^[175] Hogan Jr., The Overland Campaign, 4 May-15 June 1864, 57–58.

^[176] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 169.

^[177] Chernow, Grant, 404–8.

^[178] McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, 742.

^[179] Hogan Jr., The Overland Campaign, 4 May-15 June 1864, 70.

^[180] Reagan, Memoirs, with Special Reference to Secession and the Civil War, 192–93.

^[181] Maslowski and Simon, “The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant, Volume 11,” xiii, xxi–xxii.

^[182] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 185–92.

^[183] Chernow, Grant, 442–57.

^[184] Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 328.

^[185] Smith, Grant, 387.

^[186] Dowdey and Manarin, The Wartime Papers Of Robert E. Lee, 894.

^[187] Dowdey and Manarin, The Wartime Papers Of Robert E. Lee, 884.

^[188] Chernow, Grant, 469–77.

^[189] Benedict et al., “The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant. Volume 13,” 131.

^[190] Young, Around the World with General Grant, 434.

^[191] Catton, Grant Takes Command, 104–5.

^[192] Dowdey and Manarin, The Wartime Papers Of Robert E. Lee, 552.

^[193] Catton, Grant Moves South, 420.

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