US History

Section 1 - Identification and Evaluation of Sources The question for this investigation is: To what extent were German objectives during the Ardennes Offensive achievable? To answer this, both The Battle of the Bulge: The German View: Perspectives from Hitler's High Command by Danny S. Parker and Ardennes: Translation of Written Questions Answered by Generaloberst Alfred Jodl and Approved by General Feldmarschall Wilhelm Keitel, July 20, 1945, from Walter Bedell Smith and K

George Bourke Foster Sturgis Charter Public School West, Hyannis, Massachusetts January 26, 2026 Introduction When it comes to famous military men, it is hardly rare to have a rival, with conflicts between men like Hannibal Barca and Scipio Africanus or Erwin Rommel and Bernard Montgomery being popular subjects of analysis. And concerning the United States, there is one famous rivalry that has stood the test of time and even today still sees debate by historians: the rivalr

Notes 1.Dederer, “The Origins of Robert E. Lee’s Bold Generalship,” 117. 2.Rafuse, “Still a Mystery?,” 851. [3] Chernow, Grant, xxi. [4] Keller, Robert E. Lee as a Military Theorist, 44. [5] Rafuse, Robert E. Lee and the Fall of the Confederacy, 1863-1865, 8–9. [6] Lynch, A Comparison of the Operational Leadership of General Ulysses S. Grant and General Robert E. Lee During the American Civil War., 2. [7] Ballard, “Battle of Antietam,” 81–88. [8] Ballard, “Battl

Name: George Foster In 1948, President Harry S. Truman issued Executive Order 9981, which effectively ended segregation in the Armed Forces of the United States. While it wasn’t until 1954 that the last all-Black units were disbanded, the order itself was huge and a major turning point. Ever since the days of the Continental Army, African-American men in the Army (the Navy was integrated, although still facing similar problems of discrimination) had at best served in segrega